Code 05: MAJOR SUBJECT GROUP - AGRONOMY
Sub-Subjects:
1) Agronomy (2) Tea Husbandry & Technology)
UNIT-I:
• Importance of Agriculture in national economy;• Basic principles of crop production;
• Cultivation of rice, wheat, chickpea, pigeon-pea, sugarcane, groundnut, rapeseed and mustard, potato
• Major soils of India, role of NPK and their deficiency symptoms.
• Structure and function of cell organelles; mitosis and meiosis;
• Mendelian genetics: elementary knowledge of photosynthesis; respiration, photorespiration and transpiration;
• Structure and functions of carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes and vitamins.
• Major pests and diseases of rice, wheat, cotton, chickpea, sugarcane and their management.
• Important rural development programmes in India;
• Organisational set up of agricultural research, education and extension in India; Elements of statistics.
UNIT-II:
• Principles of Agronomy, Crop ecology and geography and Agricultural Meteorology:
• Agronomy-meaning and scope,
• National & International agricultural research institutes in India,
• Agro climatic zones of India,
• Tillage, crop stand establishment and planting geometry and their effect on crop,
• Physiological limits of crop yield and variability in relation to ecological optima,
• Organic farming,
• Precision farming,
• Integrated farming systems,
• Principles of field experimentation.
• Principles of crop ecology and crop adaptation, climate shift and its ecological implications,
• Agro-ecological regions in India,
• Geographical distribution of crop plants,
• Greenhouse effect,
• Climatic factors and their effect on plant processes and crop productivity,
• Role of GIS and GPS in agriculture.
• Weather & climate,
• Earth's atmosphere,
• Solar radiation,
• Atmospheric temperature and global warming.
• Crops and atmospheric humidity,
• Weather forecasting.
UNIT-III:
• Field crops: Origin, distribution, economic importance, soil and climatic requirement, varieties, cultural practices and yield of
• Cereals: rice, wheat, maize, sorghum, pearl millet, minor millets, barley
• Pulses: chickpea, lentil, peas, Pigeon pea, mungbean, urdbean Oilseeds: groundnut, sesame, soybean, rapeseed & mustard, sunflower, safflower, linseed
• Fber crops: cotton, jute, sun hemp
• Sugar crops: sugarcane Fodder & forage crops: sorghum, maize, napier, berseem, Lucerne, oats
• Medicinal & aromatic plants: menthe, lemon grass and isabgol
• Commercial crops: potato, tobacco
UNIT-IV:
• Principles of weed management,
• Classification, biology and ecology of weeds,
• Crop weed competition• Allelopathy,
• Concepts and methods of weed control,
• Integrated weed management,
• Classification, formulations, selectivity and resistance of herbicides,
• Herbicide persistence in soil and plants,
• Application methods and equipments,
• Weed flora shifts in cropping systems,
• Special and problematic weeds and their management in cropped and non-cropped situations,
• Weed management in field crops.
UNIT-V:
• Water management: Principles of irrigation,
• Water resources and irrigation development in India.
• Water and irrigation requirements,
• Concepts and approaches of irrigation scheduling,
• Methods of irrigation
• Measurement of irrigation water
• Application, distribution and use efficiencies,
• Conjunctive use of water
• Irrigation water quality and its management
• water management in major field, crops; rice, wheat, maize, groundnut, sugarcane • Agricultural drainage.
UNIT-VI:
• Soil fertility and fertilizer use:
• Essential plant nutrients and their deficiency symptoms,
• concept of essentiality of plant nutrients,
• Indicators of soil fertility and productivity,
• Fertilizer materials and their availability to plants,
• slow release fertilizers,
• Nitrification inhibitors,
• Principles and methods of fertilizer
• Integrated nutrient management,
• Characteristics of Dryland farming and delineation of Dryland tracts,
UNIT-VII:
• Constraints of Dryland farming in India,
• Types of drought and their management,
• Contingency crop planning and mid- season corrections for aberrant weather and its recycling.
• Watershed management.
UNIT-VIII:
• Problem soils and their distribution in India,
• Characteristics and reclamation of these soils
• Crop production techniques in problem soils.
UNIT-IX:
• Sustainable agriculture: parameters and indicators,
• Conservation agriculture,
• Safe disposal of agri-industrial waste for crop production,
• Agro-forestry systems, shifting cultivation, Alternate land use systems, Wastelands and their remediation for crop production.
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